5.1 Overview

eSite Tools is a remote control and monitoring system (RMS), analysing and optimizing of the performance of all eSites in an entire network.

The system requires TCP/IP connectivity either via the built-in 3G modem or via the Ethernet connection.

eSite Tools is not a standard option, contact eSite Power Systems to get more information.

The status and connection state of all eSites in the network are listed and presented on a dashboard in eSite Tools. A list of time stamped alarms with colour codes showing the severity of the alarm is displayed. Connection status and alarms are also displayed on a map showing the location of all sites in the network. The dashboard offers search and filter functionality and can be customized. Data from the dashboard can be exported to PDF, XML, CSV and Excel.

All configurable data in eSite Web can also be configured in eSite Tools, as they are synchronized.

Each eSite x10 has a local logger that collects data into a local database. eSite x10 performs local aggregation and analytics on collected data to achieve accurate remote reporting and troubleshooting. Examples of such functionality include energy calculations that are performed with high resolution compared to doing such analysis on relatively low resolution data on the server side, which enables correct average calculations between any two data samples.

In case of interrupted communication between eSite Web and eSite Tools, data is buffered and automatically uploaded when there is communication.

5.2 Remote configuration

eSite Tools has the ability to update configurations remotely of all connected sites. All configurable parameters can be visualized via the GUI. By selecting several sites in eSite Tools, the same set of configurations can be pushed to all selected sites at the same time.

It is also possible to backup and restore configurations between different sites.

5.3 Firmware over the Air (FOTA)

Updates of firmware/software can be done via eSite Tools. If new updates or new option packages are available, it is easy to update several eSite x10 systems at once by selecting a group of sites in eSite Tools.

5.4 eSite Tools dashboard

An example of data from one eSite connected to eSite Tools remote system is shown in figure 5.1.

Copyright © 2021 eSite Power Systems AB

1.1 Document focus

This document describes how to operate and maintain eSite x10. It focuses on eSite x10, eSite Web, eSite Tools and the settings that can be done to the associated systems. For optional eSite accessories and installation of the associated systems see the Installation manual.

1.2 Target group

This document is intended for the personnel that will operate and maintain eSite x10. Such personnel can work both on site and from a distance via eSite Tools. All personnel must have sufficient basic skills and training.

1.3 Warning levels

1.4 Trademarks

eSite™ and eSite Tools™ are registered trademarks of eSite Power Systems AB (publ) and will be referred to here after as eSite and eSite Tools.

1.5 Available product documentation

1.6 Abbreviations and definitions

1.7 Compliance

eSite x10 is a carefully designed product that has undergone rigorous performance testing with regards to quality, environment, electrical safety and functionality.

This product and the system software has complied to and met the test standards of:

• ETSI EN 300 386 V1.6.

• ETSI 300 019-1-2 Class 2.

• IEC/EN 60950-1:2005+A1+A11+A12+A2

• IEC/EN 60950-22:2006-A11

eSite x10 RSC and RSY models both comply to the CE standards. EC (European Conformity) labels are found on both the Main Compartment (see figure 1.1) and the Connection Compartment (see figure 1.2).

1.8 Product numbering

eSite x10 product number (P/N) of the x10 follows the principle:\<Functions>-\<Index>/\<Region> where;

Function: R = Rectifier, S = Solar, I = Inverter, Y = supervision/control generation 1, C = supervision/control generation 2, E = Expansion, X = passive distribution, P = Protection device. Index: New variants of a base product are indicated by an increased Index, where the first version is 001. Region: /1 = Europe, Africa and Asia, /2 = North and South America, Caribien and Mexico, /3 = Australia and Islands in the pacific ocean.

1.9 Support

eSite Power Systems operate a 'Service Desk & Knowledge Base', where the Customer can access certain documentation, guides and software, report Issues and request support/resolution of reported Issues.

The Customer may access the 'Service Desk & Knowledge Base' by using a user account (provided by the Supplier). The Service Desk is a single point of contact between the Supplier and the Customer and can be found here:

http://servicedesk.esitepowersystems.com

When reporting Issues or requesting support, the Customer is asked to fill in the appropriate form and describe the problem/request in detail. If applicable, photographs and/or log files may be attached to the request.

2.1 Introduction

During work with electrical equipment precautions are necessary to make sure that the safety for personnel and property is sufficient and satisfactory. The safety instructions in the documents that belong to eSite must be followed during installation, testing, commissioning, maintenance, repair and removal of power and supervision of equipment.

eSite x10 has been certified in regard to personal safety according to IEC CB Test certificate issued by Intertek. Certificate reference number is SE-06031 and a copy with more information is available on eSite Power Systems home page.

2.2 Basic guidelines

2.3 High energy and high voltage

COPYRIGHT

© Copyright eSite Power Systems AB 2021. All rights reserved.

DISCLAIMER

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the copyright owner. The contents of this document are subject to revision without notice due to continued progress in methodology, design and manufacturing. eSite Power Systems AB shall have no liability for any error or damage of any kind resulting from the use of this document.

Contacts

https://www.clearbluetechnologies.com/

E-mail: support@clearbluetechnologies.com

Phone: +1 647 748 4822

Clear Blue Technologies 30 Lesmill Road, Unit 7 Toronto, ON, Canada M3B 2T6

Release Log

Release x.10 (12.10 and 13.10)

• Charge balancing of lithium-ion batteries.

• Periodic Balancing Full Charge of lithium-ion batteries.

• Charge Synchronization of lithium-ion batteries.

• Add Hybrid Shifting and Peak Load Shifting functions on lithium-ion batteries.

• Fix Wi-Fi disconnect problem. (only 13.10.0)

• Add Auto Reconnect of Tools agent handler. (only 13.10.0)

• Improve Start-up sequence on lithium-ion batteries.

• SNMP v. 1.6

Release x.9 (12.9 and 13.9)

• Dedicated and improved SOC calculation algorithm that always keeps track on SOC for Li-ion batteries, even if communication to BMS is lost. This improves robustness and makes sure that the Li-ion battery bank is charged at the right moment.

• Dynamic float charge function that maximizes the life of the battery bank in cases where the battery bank remains fully charged for prolonged periods of time.

• Improved pre-charge function that limits inrush currents that otherwise would have tripped battery breakers, a well-known problem for Li-ion battery banks.

• New voltage control charge mode added to previous Static SOC mode, enabling more alternatives of desired charge/discharge behaviour.

• Update to SNMP v. 1.5

Release x.8 (12.8 and 13.8)

• New Green Power Influx feature, AC Power Minimization.

• Add Tenant ID 0.

• Temperature derating on Linux-CPU temperature.

• Update to SNMP v. 1.4

Release 12.7

• Improved current limitation when communicate with lithium-ion batteries.

• Add Event to Reset old alerts from eSite Tools.

• Integration of Incell SLB48 lithium-ion.

• Increase num. of integrated BMU,s from 12 to 16.

• Improve alarm handling.

• Update Shoto integration to Modbus register version 1.2.

• Update modbus server register to 4.0.

Release 12.6

• Integration of Shoto SDA10-48100P lithium-Ion.

• Automatic conversion of old custom battery files.

• Fix time different between site and Tools server

• Update manuals with appendix.

• Fix modbus com error to genset AMF panels.

• Remove dual chemistry function from Web GUI. Not supported any more.

• Integration of Sacred Sun lithium battery

• SNMP - Add read write support for v1/v2

• Changes in Modbus-handler to support communication to battery and AMF panel at the same time. Remove Modbus over TCP support.

• Add 3 more tenant-monitoring

• eAgent - change name timezone and ambient temp in Tools

• Change battery configuration web pages to use battery template.

• Add 8 configurable digital inputs.

• The function "Mixed Battery Chemistry is deprecated and will be deleted in future release.

3.1 Overview

eSite x10 can be provided with AC power supply from genset and grid and with DC power supply from solar arrays. The supplied power is used to support customer load and to charge a battery bank. The AC power supply is converted into -48 V DC through rectifiers in the Main Compartment. The DC power supply is converted into -48 V DC through solar converters in the Main Compartment. Switching between the connected power sources is automatic through the patented silicone controlled rectifier (SCR) functionality. eSite x10 sends start and stop commands to the genset(s) automatically when required. If solar arrays are installed, they are under regulation from the internal solar converters at all times and will supply power when the weather conditions are favourable.

The Main Compartment contains:

• Rectifier x 3

• Solar converter x 3

• SCR (replaces standard ATS)

• Current, voltage, frequency and temperature sensors

• Wi-Fi

• GSM

• Main Controller

Figure 3.1 shows an overview of a mounted eSite x10 unit with the most important features identified as follows.

A Mounting Frame B Main Compartment including Lower Main C Product marking plate G Connection Compartment lid D Visual indication – green LED E Visual indication – red LED F Connection Compartment G Connection Compartment lid

Figure 3.2 shows an overview of a complete site setup with the eSite x10 and associated systems on site, identified as follows.

A eSite x10 B eSite Tools C Battery cabinet and battery bank D Solar panels E Grid F Genset G Customer load

3.2 Options

The list below outlines the options that are referenced in this manual. For a complete description of options, compatibility between options and what is included in each option package, see eSite x10 Standard and options document.

3.2.1 Standard Options

3.2.2 Custom specific options

Some options/features may be received as additional s/w patches. This may apply for already existing features or new features developed and customized upon request, based on customer requirements in coordination with the eSite development team.

These options are normally disabled from the standard software implementation and are not visible in any UI.

Contact eSite Power Systems to get more information regarding custom specific options.

Copyright © 2021 eSite Power Systems AB

8.1 Power source prioritizing

eSite x10 uses the following power source priority order:

1. Solar power

2. Grid power

3. Genset power

If solar or grid is not available, the genset automatically starts when the batteries must be charged. If grid becomes available during a genset charge, the genset is stopped. Only one AC source can be active at the time. If solar power becomes sufficient, this can also stop the genset, utilizing the Green Power Influx feature. If solar power is available at the same time as grid or genset power is available, solar power is always prioritized and maximized.

8.2 Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) with ATS functionality

The Main Compartment converts the AC supply via three rectifiers into -48 V DC. The rectifiers provide 3.5 kW per unit, for a total of 10.5 kW. The inputs from the AC sources are continuously measured to ensure that the most efficient AC source is used. The switching between the connected AC sources (gensets/grid) is automatic.

The eSite x10 patented Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) is designed to improve the performance of the system compared to a traditional Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS). Both an ATS and SCR allows for switching between two AC sources, but while the ATS is based on mechanical switching, the SCR uses power semiconductors.

One or two (optional) AC sources can be configured in the eSite Web interface. The options are No Source, AC Genset 1 and 2 and Grid.

8.3 System mode

The eSite x10 can be in 4 different system modes: 'Auto', 'Auto Full Charge', 'Manual' and 'Safe Mode'.

8.3.1 Auto

Auto mode is the normal mode the system operates in. The eSite x10 is working automatically with no user interference and controls all features and external command signals.

8.3.2 Auto Full Charge

Auto full charge mode is activated when the batteries need to do a Full Charge cycle.

The following conditions activate a full charge:

• One of the Load Voltage Disconnect (LVD) breakers has tripped.

• The time interval between two Full Charge cycles has elapsed. This parameter can be changed in local web configuration.

• The battery Energy throughput has reached its limit value. This parameter can be changed in local web configuration.

See section Full charge cycles

8.3.3 Manual

Manual mode is activated when a controlled AC source, typically a genset, is manually forced on or off. This can be done from the local web pages or remotely via eSite Tools.

In Manual mode normal functionalities, including power prioritizing and automatic external commands, are overridden. Manual mode is exited when all AC source controls are set to Auto.

8.3.4 Safe Mode

Safe mode is activated when the battery MCB is tripped or if eSite x10 cannot determine the correct state of the battery bank. For example: If one or both of the battery voltage or current sensors have failed, the eSite x10 will enter Safe mode.

For the case when no battery MCBs are present and configured as “No Input”, Safe Mode is activated by the following conditions:

• Voltage sensor mismatch alarm is active (system and battery voltage sensors differ by > 1V)

• System and battery voltage sensors are valid

• Genset is running and gives feedback

• No battery charge current detected (measured value less than configurable threshold, default 2 A)

These conditions combined indicate that no battery bank is present and eSite x10 will enter Safe Mode. This applies for lead-acid batteries only.

When Safe mode is active, the voltage levels and the maximum battery charge current are reduced and the genset is commanded to continue running.

8.4 Batteries

eSite x10 supports usage of two different types of battery chemistry : lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. Several different brands, models and sizes of batteries have premade configurations that simplifies site commissioning and operation. New premade configurations can be created upon request. The battery parameters are also possible to set individually through several interfaces (e.g. eSite Web, eSite Tools, SNMP) in order to support new battery types and to improve performance.

8.4.1 Lead-acid batteries

Traditionally, conventional lead-acid batteries has been the main choice for hybrid operation on remote sites. They are attractive for a wide variety of usage due to being of relatively low cost, having a long life-time and high reliability, but they also come with drawbacks including the need for temperature compensation and bulky storage, especially for high-capacity banks.

Use of up to two (2) battery banks is supported, each with a separate charge current measurement sensor. This option is called Dual battery bank.

8.4.1.1 Voltage levels

Two different set voltage levels are used when charging lead-acid batteries: Boost voltage and Float voltage.

Boost voltage is higher than float voltage and is used to improve the charge performance. However, batteries kept at boost voltage for longer periods of time eventually take damage. Float voltage is lower and is used for long periods of continuous available AC power, for example when Grid is present for a long time.

8.4.1.2 Battery states

The following battery states are defined for lead-acid batteries. The states indicate at what stage in the charge cycle the battery bank is. The battery state information is available on eSite Web. If Dual battery banks are installed, the battery state is considered to be the same for both battery banks.

• Discharge: The discharge state is entered when current is drawn from the batteries and the voltage is decreasing.

• Charge: Charging occurs when either eSite x10 rectifiers or solar converters are delivering constant charging current to the batteries.

• Absorb: Absorb is a charging state where the charging voltage is limited by the rectifiers or solar converters. The charging voltage has an optional temperature compensation feature. When in the Absorb state the battery bank is charged at constant voltage.

• Equalized: Equalized is an extended constant voltage charging mode to help eliminate soft sulfation in lead-acid batteries. The voltage level is adjustable.

• Fully Charged: In the Fully Charged state, the batteries are considered to be fully charged. The battery bank will remain in this state until SOC has dropped 5 % since the fully charged state was entered.

8.4.1.3 Battery charge strategies

eSite x10 offers four battery charge strategies to optimize the use of the lead-acid battery bank used on site. Battery charge parameters can be viewed on eSite Web under the Battery menu.

8.4.1.4 Full charge cycles

A Full Charge cycle is a longer charge cycle that charges the batteries to the maximum available capacity. Periodic use of the Full Charge cycle is needed to maintain the health of the battery bank, balance battery banks/strings and to “recalibrate” the state of charge. A Full Charge cycle charges the batteries at boost voltage until the battery is in the Fully Charged state. A Full Charge cycle can be triggered manually, for example during site commissioning, or by one of these three threshold values:

• Time interval

• Energy throughput

• Low voltage, used on Static SOC and Partial SOC charge strategies

An Extended Full Charge cycle is triggered when the battery voltage has fallen so low that both HP and LP LVD are activated. An extended full charge cycle prolongs the Full Charge cycle with an extra timer, default set to 18 hours. This is an effort to recover the battery bank from any damages caused by the low voltage. An Extended Full Charge cycle can also be triggered manually.

8.4.1.5 Charge Mode

The battery charge mode indicate what type of battery management that is currently active. The charge mode is independent of the selected charge strategy and gives information about whether the battery bank is subjected to normal charge cycling or if a scenario that overrides these settings is active, such as when a Full Charge cycle is triggered.

The active charge mode is presented under the Battery tab on eSite Web and in eSite Tools.

For handling of lead-acid batteries, one of the following charge modes is used.

• Normal Charge: Standard hybrid operation is active. The battery bank is charged/discharged according to the selected charge strategy and its associated control parameters.

• Full Charge: A Full Charge cycle has been triggered and is active.

• Extended Full Charge: An Extended Full Charge cycle has been triggered and is active.

• Safe Mode: eSite x10 is currently in Safe Mode and cannot determine the correct state of the battery bank. Maximum allowed charge current and set voltages are lowered to protect the system.

8.4.1.6 Temperature compensation

The temperature is of great importance regarding the health of lead-acid batteries. The temperature information is used to adjust the voltage level when the batteries are charged. At high temperatures, the batteries are charged at a lower voltage level and at low temperatures batteries are charged at a higher voltage level. This temperature compensation can be configured.

The battery temperature sensor is placed in the centre of the battery bank (see figure 8.1) and connected to the eSite x10.

8.4.1.7 Current limit

eSite x10 continuously ensures that the battery max charge current is not exceeded. This threshold value for current limitation is configurable. The battery charge current is measured in the Main Compartment. A positive current indicates that the batteries are being charged. A negative current indicates that the batteries are being discharged.

8.4.2 Lithium-ion batteries

An increasingly popular alternative to lead-acid batteries for powering remote sites together with the eSite x10 is Li-ion batteries.

Due to their superior power density and sophisticated module designs, including the possibility of external communication, Li-ion batteries make for effective storage solutions of high capacity, combined with intelligent monitoring and managing, albeit at a slightly higher cost and a higher sensitivity to overcharging/overdischarging.

All commercial Li-ion battery modules relevant for this application are equipped with internal electronic protection, cell balancing circuits and supervision/alarm circuits.

eSite x10 is capable of managing a Li-ion battery bank of up to 16 installed BMUs connected in parallel. If a communication cable is mounted between the battery bank and the eSite x10, all alarms and important data (e.g. Voltage, SOC, Current) from the modules are logged, presented on the local web site and sent to eSite Tools. For operation without communication, or when communication is lost, this data is either measured or calculated by dedicated estimation algorithms based upon the available information about the battery type and the size of the battery bank.

eSite x10 ensures that charging voltage levels and maximum current stays within the limits according to the battery specifications. Maximum charge current is automatically adjusted depending on how many modules are connected or if any battery fuses are tripped.

Li-ion batteries from the following manufacturers are currently integrated with eSite x10. Contact eSite Power Systems for information regarding models and version.

• LG Chem

• Sacred Sun

• SAFT

• Shoto

• Vision

• Polarium (previously Incell)

See the Appendix, section Installation and configuration of lithium-ion battery for more information.

8.4.2.1 Voltage levels

When charging Li-ion batteries, a configurable set voltage level is used. For long periods of operation with available AC power, the set voltage is ramped down to a lower level to preserve the health of the battery bank.

These voltage levels are individual for each power source and may be preconfigured upon delivery. Normally, they are provided by the battery manufacturer.

8.4.2.2 Battery states

The following battery states are defined for Li-ion batteries. The battery state information is presented on eSite Web and in eSite Tools. For Li-ion configurations, all BMUs connected in parallel will be considered as one battery bank.

• Precharge: Precharge is the initial state of the battery state algorithm. In Precharge, the system takes necessary precautions to stop inrush currents from going into the battery bank by slowly ramping up the system voltage from a low starting point until the battery voltage is matched. When current is detected going in or out of the battery bank, the Precharge state is exited.

• Discharge: The discharge state is entered when current is drawn from the batteries and the voltage is decreasing.

• Charge: The Charge state indicates that either the eSite x10 rectifiers or solar converters deliver enough current to charge the batteries.

• Fully Charged: In the Fully Charged state, the batteries have met the manufacturer specifications for being considered fully charged and will not accept further charging. This state is exited when the SOC has decreased by 1 % since the Fully Charged state was entered.

• Equilibrium State During equilibrium, no current flows in or out of the battery. This state is exited as soon as current going in or out of the battery bank is detected.

8.4.2.3 Li-ion battery charge strategies

eSite x10 currently offers two charge strategies to optimize the use of a lithium-ion battery bank on site: Voltage Control (VC) and Static SOC (SSOC). Battery charge parameters can be viewed on eSite Web under the Battery menu

The VC strategy works very similarly to the corresponding lead-acid strategy, see section Lead-acid batteries. Operation will be based on the overall measured battery voltage. This strategy is well suited for site setups with no battery communication or when SOC shall not be considered.

The static SOC strategy starts and stops charging based on configured Start SOC and Stop SOC levels. This is arguably the best adapted strategy for Li-ion battery banks with active communication to the eSite x10. The strategy offers several options to control the cycling based on the reported BMU data that are configurable via the Static SOC Control Options parameter. The options are

1. Average SOC - A charge cycle will start and stop when the average calculated SOC of the battery bank reaches the start/stop thresholds.

2. Protective SSOC - Start/stop on Min/Max BMU SOC value. A charge cycle will start when the minimum reported BMU SOC value reaches the Start SOC threshold and stop when the maximum reported BMU SOC value reaches the Stop SOC threshold. This behaviour will prevent overcharging and overdischarging of any single BMU in the bank.

3. Balancing SSOC - Start/stop on Min/Min SOC value. A charge cycle will start when the minimum reported BMU SOC value reaches the Start SOC threshold and stop when the minimum reported BMU SOC value reaches the Stop SOC threshold. This behaviour will ensure that all BMUs are charged up to the desired SOC .

Options 2 and 3 require active communication with the battery bank. In setups with no communication or if communication is lost, the SSOC strategy will be based on the calculated average SOC value for the entire battery bank regardless of the selected option.

8.4.2.4 Synchronize step

For battery banks with apparent propagating unbalance during charge cycles, a synchronization step at the end of each charge cycle can be enabled, where the BMUs are allowed to synchronize internally under a period of no or very low charge current. This final balancing touch is best performed while charging at the top of the charge cycle when internal voltage differences in the bank are more apparent and internal cell resistances are minimized. The charge current limit and the duration of this period are both configurable.

8.4.2.5 Balancing Full Charge

As a complement to regular charge cycles in hybrid operation for Li-ion batteries, optional full charge cycles, here labelled Balancing Full Charge cycles, are supported by eSite x10. They are slightly different from the Full Charge cycles used for lead-acid batteries, where maintained charge current for long periods of time is necessary for ensuring good battery performance. Li-ion batteries are less sensitive to damage from partially charging the battery bank than lead-acid batteries, and do not have the same need to repeatedly be fully charged. Indeed, it can be argued that fully charging Li-ion batteries to a large extent should be avoided in order to not risk overcharging the batteries, which may cause damage. However, for a newly installed or a severely unbalanced battery bank, it might be necessary to perform a full charge cycle to reach the very top of the battery voltage/SOC characteristic and achieve appropriate balance within the bank.

Balancing Full Charge cycles are available, and will work in the same way, for both the Li-ion VC and SSOC strategies. For the SSOC strategy, a configurable safety voltage level has been introduced that will trigger a Balancing Full Charge cycle in any faulty scenario where the SOC cannot be reported or calculated correctly. This voltage level should be set to a higher value than the LP load LVD voltage level as a precaution to prevent LVD.

A Balancing Full Charge cycle can also be triggered manually via a command from the eSite Web Battery tab.

If desired, periodic Balancing Full Charge cycles may be enabled. When enabled, Balancing Full Charge cycles will be triggered automatically based on intervals of either accumulated energy throughput from the battery bank or number of completed regular charge cycles, whichever occurs first. Both interval parameters are configurable.

A Balancing Full Charge cycle is completed when the battery voltage has exceeded the BMS Fully charged voltage level and the charge current has fallen below the battery cut-off level specified by the manufacturer. After a Balancing Full Charge cycle is completed, it is followed by a mandatory Synchronize step before AC power is turned off. Upon completion, the periodic intervals for energy throughput and number or cycles are both reset.

8.4.2.6 Charge Mode

The active charge mode is presented under the Battery tab on eSite Web and in eSite Tools.

For handling of Li-ion batteries, one of the following charge modes is used.

• Ramp Up: The battery bank is in the Precharge state and the system is slowly ramping up the voltage to avoid initial inrush currents.

• Normal Charge: Normal hybrid operation is active. The battery bank is charged/discharged according to the selected charge strategy.

• Synchronize: Synchronization of the BMUs in the battery bank is active. The battery bank is forced into the Equilibrium state and is not charged/discharged.

• Balancing Full Charge: The battery bank is currently being charged in a Balancing Full Charge cycle. The system will be in Auto Full Charge mode.

• Safe Mode: eSite x10 is currently in Safe Mode and cannot determine the correct state of the battery bank. Maximum allowed charge current and set voltages are lowered to protect the system.

8.4.2.7 Hybrid Shifting

The purpose of Hybrid Shifting (HS) is to increase solar production efficiency on hybrid sites during the day by having a lower SOC in the morning and thus have more solar energy captured in the batteries. The simple concept of hybrid shifting is to split a day into 2 periods where the DG stop voltage differs.

Example:

The configurable parameters can be set via local Web, eSite Tools and SNMP. See Battery section for details how to configure the feature.

8.4.2.8 Peak Load Shifting

The purpose of Peak Load Shifting (PLS) is to maximize the solar energy for on-grid sites where the grid is available and stable. The idea behind the feature is to:

• Power the site load and if possible, charge the Li-ion battery bank during daytime from the solar panels.

• At a configurable time (PLS_end_time) the grid should be used to charge the battery bank to adjustable Vmax (normally set to float voltage) at full power.

• During the night, the grid will be used to power the load and keep the battery bank at Vmax, normally at float voltage.

• At a predetermined and configurable time (PLS_start_time), the AC rectification should be inhibited, and the battery bank will power the load until the battery bank voltage has reached an adjustable voltage setpoint (PLS_Voltage).

• Grid will maintain the battery bank at a predetermined voltage level(PLS_Voltage) if solar power is not sufficient to carry the site load.

• If grid becomes unavailable and battery bank reaches the DG start voltage, the genset will start. At this point, PLS functionality will be suspended and Hybrid Shifting will take over until the batteries reach the DG stop voltage and until DG is turned off again.

Example:

The configuration parameters can be set via local Web, eSite Tools and SNMP. See Battery section for details how to configure the feature.

Below graphs shows the different power sources and different event scenarios.

Normal operation 1

During nighttime grid powers the load and SOC/Vbatt is maintained at Vmax. At PLS_start_time, grid power is switched off and battery discharges until PLS_Voltage has been reached. At this time, grid will power the load again and solar will charge battery bank if solar power is above load power. If solar power is below load power, grid will support so that SOC/Vbatt is kept at PLS_Voltage (Solar power + grid power = load power). At PLS_end_time grid will charge the battery bank until Vmax has been reached.

Normal operation 2

During nighttime grid powers the load and SOC/Vbatt is maintained at Vmax. At PLS_start_time, grid power is switched off and battery discharges until time PLS_Voltage has been reached and grid will power the load to keep SOC/Vbatt at PLS_Voltage. Solar will charge the battery bank if the solar power is above the load power. If the solar power is below the load power, grid will support so that SOC/Vbatt is kept at PLS_Voltage (Solar power + grid power = load power). At PLS_end_time, grid will charge the battery bank until Vmax has been reached.

Grid lost during daytime

In this scenario grid is lost during daytime and system reverts to Hybrid shifting mode instead. When grid is lost, SOC/Vbatt will drop until DG start is reached. The Genset will charge the battery bank but since the time is past Time HS1 (Hybrid Shifting time 1), Genset will charge the bank until DG stop HS1 has been reached. At sunset, the SOChas again dropped to DG start but, in this case, the Genset will charge the battery bank up to DG stop HS2 since time has passed Time HS2.

Grid lost during Genset charging

In scenario 4, grid is lost in the morning and the system reverts to Hybrid shifting mode instead. When grid is lost, SOC/Vbatt will drop until DG start is reached. The Genset will charge the battery bank but during charge, grid becomes available again and eSite x10 will shift to Grid and finalize the charge sequence until DG Stop HS1 has been reached (since time has passed Time HS1). When charge cycle has been completed, PLS mode will become active again.

8.5 Genset

eSite x10 automatically starts and stops the genset when requested by the selected battery charge strategy, voltage level or set time. The genset start signal is controlled by a relay that is closed when eSite requires the genset to start. The output relay can be configurable via the local eSite Web.

eSite x10 determines the genset power request and controls the genset power output so that it is not overloaded. This can be used to prevent overload on smaller gensets.

8.5.1 Genset modes

• Ready. Genset is ready to start, waiting for a charge request.

• Start request. Genset is requested to start. It stays in this mode until eSite sense voltage.

• Warm up. Warming up genset without any power request.

• Ramp up. The requested power is linearly ramping up.

• Running. Genset is providing power.

• Ramp down. Genset is ramping down.

• Cool down. Genset is running in idle without any power output.

• Off state. Waiting for the genset to turn off. The state is active until the genset has stopped or 5 min has passed.

The times for genset warm up, ramp up/down and cool-down can be configured.

8.5.2 Genset communication

• Dry contacts. eSite x10 has 3 available input relays for each genset, when triggered an alarm activates. The input relays can be configured as normally open, normally closed or not used.

• Modbus. eSite x10 can communicate with the genset to read signals and alarms directly from the genset AMF panel. The supported protocol is Modbus-RTU. Configuration for different genset panels can be customized on site or a premade configuration set can be created upon request. The data and alarms that are retrieved from the genset panel are stored and logged, both locally and remotely, every 10 minutes.

8.5.3 Dual Genset

eSite x10 supports operation with two connected gensets. Only one genset at a time can deliver power to the system. In regular hybrid operation, eSite x10 alternates the charge cycles between the two gensets. If one genset fails during operation, the other genset is immediately commanded to start.

For example:

• Genset 1 fails during a charge cycle.

• The start command to genset 1 stops. Genset 2 is commanded to start and completes the charge cycle.

• Next charge cycle starts with genset 1. If genset 1 does not start, genset 2 will be commanded to start.

8.5.4 Genset runtime and service

eSite x10 can keep track of the total runtime and the remaining time (hours) until genset service is required. The service interval and when the alarm is triggered can be configured. Total runtime can be reset manually.

8.5.5 Estimated time to Genset start

When Static SOC or Partial SOC charge strategy is selected, eSite x10 estimates the time until the genset starts to operate. The estimation is based on the discharge current and the low SOC threshold level where the charge cycle starts.

8.5.6 Night Silence

The Night Silence period start time can be configured. eSite x10 can pre-charge the battery bank to ensure that it is sufficiently charged when the Night Silence period starts. The end of the period can be configured to end by time, voltage or SOC, whichever occurs first. Outside the period the configured charge strategy is used.

Night Silence mode is used for both off- and on grid sites. For on grid sites pre-charge is usually not required. If the grid fails during the silent period the configuration determines when the genset is allowed to start.

When Night Silence is inactive or disabled, charge cycles are performed without interference.

8.5.6.1 Night Silence pre-charge

The Night Silence pre-charge function charges the battery bank to a state where its autonomy time fulfils the Night Silence period. The function calculates the required number of ampere-hours (Ah) required for battery autonomy time based on the present site load and the number of hours of the silence period.

The following formula is the estimate of the preceding charge time in hours where Autonomy Ampere Hours is the needed energy required by the batteries for the duration of the Night Silence period. Safety margin is a configured threshold for the energy level that battery bank should be at in the end of the period. Present battery capacity is the capacity of the battery dynamically calculated, and the max charge current is the max allowed charge current.

8.5.6.2 Night Silence active

For Night Silence to accurately shut off the genset at the configured time the site utilizes Network Time Protocol (NTP) time synchronization or is synchronized from eSite Tools. A local time zone must be configured at each site.

During the active period the genset is not commanded to start. The tenant receives power as long as the Low Voltage Disconnect is not triggered. The configurations are usually set for the active period to be aborted before this happens. To manually force the genset to start overrides the Night Silence and allows the genset to start.

8.5.6.3 Night Silence aborted

The Night Silence period can be stopped before the stop time is reached to allow the genset to start.

8.5.6.4 Stop on charge request

If the stop on charge request configuration is ON, Night Silence is stopped when a charge request is triggered by the charge strategy. This configuration is usually used when the pre-charge cycle is desired to prepare the batteries for the night but standard charge strategy still is used.

A charge request always starts the genset if grid or solar is not available. A full charge cycle triggered by time or energy is postponed until the end of the Night Silence period. A full charge cycle not triggered by time or energy aborts the Night Silence period regardless if it was triggered during or before the Night Silence period.

8.5.6.5 Do not stop on charge request

If stop on charge request is OFF, the Night Silence period is aborted by a voltage level or a SoC level, whichever occurs first. A deeper discharge than intended by the charge strategy can be achieved to prolong the silent period. The values can be set below the Low Voltage Disconnect threshold.

8.6 Solar

Three (3) internal solar converters and two (2) external solar converters can be utilized by the eSite x10. The internal solar converters require no configuration and use an MPPT (maximum power point tracking) technology to ensure that the harvested solar power is maximized continuously. Any external solar converters must be separately connected and enabled in configurations.

If the solar array is incorrectly connected, for example with reversed polarity, an alarm becomes active and a relay disconnects the solar array to protect the eSite x10 system.

The eSite x10 internal solar converters are designed for use with mono-crystalline and polycrystalline solar panels with 72 cells and 6 inch wafers. An optimal solar array is easily configured with these types of panels. It is also possible to use panels with other number of cells.

• Open circuit voltage of each string of solar panels must never exceed 140 V.

• The total of solar array current never exceeds 20 A per solar converter. Additional panels are not harmful to the eSite x10, but might not be utilized optimally.

8.6.1 Green Power Influx

The Green Power Influx (GPI) component maximizes solar energy harvesting in relation to other power sources. When sufficient solar power is available, GPI becomes active and power drawn from the genset(s) and grid is inhibited.

Activation of the GPI functionality depends on the following conditions:

• Green Power mode must be enabled.

• Solar Power is sufficient.

• Battery state of charge (SOC) is sufficient.

• Batteries are in Normal charge mode and voltage is above limit.

• System voltage is above limit.

• Specified time interval (if applied).

Solar power is sufficient when it holds a configurable percentage of the load. To avoid frequent start and stop of the genset in case the solar power fluctuates, a delay timer for entering and exiting GPI is used to make sure that the solar power is sufficient and stable. This delay timer can be configured.

To ensure that the backup time is sufficient in case of a genset or Grid failure, the battery bank must be above certain SOC and voltage threshold levels before GPI is activated. These thresholds are configurable, see Solar section for details how to configure the feature.

The GPI function is always in one of the following states:

• Disabled. GPI is disabled (default)

• Inactive. GPI is enabled by the user, but the solar power is insufficient or eSite x10 is currently in Safe mode.

• Stopped. Solar power is sufficient, but the battery voltage or SOC is too low.

• Idle. The solar power has not reached the selected load percent activation level (Load Percent operational mode), or current time is outside the selected time interval (Time Interval operational mode).

• Active. All conditions are fulfilled, genset(s) and Grid are inhibited and the Solar power is fully utilized.

Green Power Influx has three (3) operational modes to choose from when activated: Load Percent operational mode (default) see section "Load Percent operational mode", Time Interval operational mode section "Time Interval operational mode" and "Maximum Solar Power in Good Grid (AC Power Minimization)"

8.6.1.1 Load Percent operational mode

Load Percent operational mode is the default mode for GPI. This mode is suitable for all AC source configurations and when active, it inhibits both Grid and genset from running.

In Load Percent operational mode, GPI is activated and the AC sources are switched off at a predetermined percentage of Solar power with respect to the customer load. AC power remains inhibited as long as the Solar power is sufficient. When the Solar power drops to a certain percentage level of the customer load, GPI is deactivated and AC power is allowed again to continue charging of the batteries.

If a genset is connected to the eSite x10, an example of a typical GPI application scenario is given in the next figure.

For the example above, the Solar Load activation threshold is set to 80 % of the customer load and the deactivation threshold is set to 70 % of the customer load. If the Grid is the primary AC source, the GPI component switches off and reengages the grid at predetermined percentage levels of solar power with respect to the customer load.

8.6.1.2 Time Interval operational mode

In Time Interval operational mode, specified times are set to enable/disable the AC source(s) according to when the Solar power is expected to be sufficient to run the customer load. The start/stop times of this function are configurable.

The Time Interval operational mode is mainly intended for use on sites with reliable Grid connections and high Solar output during daytime. When the purpose is to disable the genset from running in a specified time interval, it is recommended to use the Night Silence function instead.

Thus, in a typical application scenario for an on-grid site with good Grid quality, the customer can choose a disable time where the Grid should be disabled and an enable time for the site to re-enable the Grid. An example is given in the next figure.

This time interval example shows a Grid disable time at 05:00 and a re-enable time at 18:30.

8.6.1.3 Maximum Solar Power in Good Grid

This feature covers the need to minimize the energy used from the Grid on telecom sites where there is a substantial amount of installed Solar power, and hence maximize the use of installed Solar power capacity.

The aim is to use as much Solar energy as possible during the daytime to support both the telecom load and at the same time charge the battery bank. To be able to partly charge the bank, this feature is preferably applicable to Li-ion battery banks.

• Power the site load and charge the Li-ion battery during daytime via the solar panels.

• Power the site load by the battery bank when there is no solar available.

• If the battery bank has reached a low predetermined SOC level (called SOCmin) during night, the grid will be used to power the telecom load only.

• If the Grid becomes unavailable, the genset will be used to power the load.

Normal Operation

The battery bank will power the load after sunset and when the SOC has reached the SOCmin, the grid must supply the load during a portion of the nighttime. There is a load decrease/increase during night and hence power from grid will follow accordingly. SOC is maintained at SOCmin during night.

Grid loss during night

In this scenario, the grid is lost during night and the genset will be started to power the load until the solar power is enough to carry the telecom load.

Both grid and genset lost during night

The grid is lost during night and the genset fails to start after several start attempts. SOC will drop to SOClvd level and the eSite x10 will do a low voltage disconnect, hence dropping loads. Note that this will be in two steps, first disconnect of low priority load and later high priority load, this is not shown in the graph.

The telecom load will be lost until the grid is available again. Grid will be used at maximum power to charge the battery bank up to SOCmin level and then be lowered to just power the load and keeping SOC level at SOCmin until the solar power can power the telecom load.

Note that if the genset suddenly is operational again during low voltage disconnect, maximum power will be used from genset in order to bring the SOC up to SOCmin level.

Solar power only

In this case, solar can power the load without use of AC power.

8.6.2 External Solar

In addition to the capacity of the internal solar converters, the eSite x10 supports a maximum of two (2) external solar converters that can be connected to the system. External solar converters operate independently and are not controlled by the eSite x10 system. A current sensor must be connected to each external converter to measure the added current to the system. The added current is taken into consideration by the eSite x10 in its regulation of internal converters. The CAN connected sensors are configured in the Solar web pages. Contact eSite Power systems for detailed installation instructions.

8.7 Grid

Grid control is the collection of settings that monitors and manages the power extraction of a connected grid. Depending on the quality of the grid, the system uses different modes of operation for optimal performance. The system is designed for a three-phase grid connection, but is also capable of handling single phase connections.

Each rectifier measures voltage and frequency independently. If a phase is invalid, the other rectifiers continues to operate with the valid phases. A phase is valid inside these ranges:

• Voltage active range 85 – 300 Hz.

• Frequency active range 45 – 65 Hz.

Outside these ranges, the rectifiers are disabled.

The performance of the rectifiers is monitored and presented as Grid status:

• Invalid. All rectifiers are disabled due to insufficient phase voltage and/or frequency. Grid is not available.

• Inhibited. Grid is available on at least one phase, but all rectifiers are inhibited from running and no power from grid is extracted. This state is entered when GPI is active or when the genset is prioritized to run, e.g. with an active Exercise Run request or when the genset is forced on.

• Partial. One or two phases are valid, the rectifiers are active and running. Grid is partially available.

• Ok. All three phases are valid, the rectifiers are active and running. Grid is available.

Power extraction from grid is limited by the size of the grid fuse. This value can be configured to ensure the fuse is not tripped and overloaded. Power extraction also adapts to the available grid voltage and classifies the quality of the grid according to the following:

• No grid (< 85 V)

• Bad grid (85 – 200 V)

• Good grid (> 200 V)

Good Grid

In Good grid mode, the rectifier is requested to extract the maximum possible power, 3 500 W, from the grid. The maximum possible power can be configured.

If the grid is of low quality, set a lower grid fuse rating.

When entering Good grid mode from Bad grid mode, the rectifier rapidly ramps up the current to the maximum level.

Bad Grid

If the grid is active but the voltage is less than the Good grid threshold (200 V), the grid is considered bad. The rectifier power extraction employs a dynamic strategy to extract power from the grid, with the aim of finding a stable state where the maximum possible power is extracted. The software sets the rectifier current, and thereby the power request, based on the grid voltage at any given time, continuously running the following steps:

• If the grid voltage increases or remains unchanged, the rectifier current, and thereby the power request, is increased in small increments.

• If the voltage decreases, the current is also decreased for stabilization purposes.

This process is active until the rectifier finds a stable point where the maximum power is extracted for the given voltage or until the grid enters Good grid mode.

8.8 UPS AC mode

As an alternative to regular hybrid operation, the eSite x10 can be set into an 'uninterruptible power supply' (UPS) state, where AC power is being utilized constantly. The main purpose of the UPS AC mode is to always keep the site on-line and the batteries fully charged. This application is mainly intended for use on sites with poor-quality batteries that cannot be relied upon to carry the customer load for any for any length of time. The battery bank will always be in the Charge state regardless of SOC and charge current, and will normally be kept at float voltage. Periodic or singular Full Charge cycles at boost voltage can be activated via configuration.

For site configurations with one AC source, i.e. a single genset or grid only, activation of this feature simply means that the available AC source will always be commanded to deliver power to the site.

As in normal hybrid operation, DC solar power may be utilized at all times in conjunction with the AC source(s). However, the Green Power Influx and Genset Night Silence features are not compatible with UPS AC mode and shall be disabled.

For grid/genset site configurations, AC power from either grid or genset may be utilized in UPS AC mode, with grid having higher priority than the genset. If one AC source fails, the second source is immediately commanded to start delivering power to the site.

For dual genset site configurations, equal run time of the two gensets is achieved by regularly switching between the gensets based on a timer. Both gensets are requested to run before switching source to ensure minimum downtime. If one genset fails while running, an alarm is triggered and a start request to the second genset is commanded. The time to detect malfunction and activate the alarm is configurable with the "Genset start alarm delay time" parameter. See section Genset configuration for more information.

All UPS AC mode configuration parameters have to be set in order to activate UPS AC mode, see section Battery configuration.

8.9 Load Disconnect

The eSite x10 is equipped with dual Load Disconnect breakers that are controlled automatically. This makes it possible to divide the customer load into two parts of different priority, a low priority (LP) part and a high priority (HP) part. In any faulty scenario where the system due to a major malfunction, such as the AC genset not being able to start, is unable to properly support the load and charge the battery bank, the system is eventually protected by tripping the breakers, disconnecting the load.

In such a scenario, the low priority (LP) customer load may be chosen to disconnect before the high priority (HP) load. The HP load is generally intended to be of smaller size than the LP load. Check the data sheet for current limitations of HP and LP loads.

This functionality is designed to keep the site online for as long as possible and to protect the health of the batteries.

8.9.1 Low Voltage Disconnect (LVD)

The customer load is disconnected if incoming power is unavailable and the battery voltage falls below a configurable voltage threshold for a specified time (also configurable).

By disconnecting the customer load at low voltage levels, the battery bank is prevented from completely discharging. However, the delay timer makes it possible to handle sudden voltage drops upon engaging loads, i.e. if a load is engaged and the voltage drops below the defined threshold.

All LVD parameters are configurable, see section Low voltage disconnect settings.

8.9.1.1 LP Load LVD

When the system voltage falls below the threshold Low Prio load disconnect volt , the LP load will be disconnected after a Low Prio load disconnect time . An alarm for LP load LVD will be triggered.

When incoming power is available again, the battery voltage recovers to the Low Prio load reconnect volt threshold and the total delivered current exceeds the Low Prio load reconnect current threshold (default 20 A), a timer will start and the load will be reconnected after a short Low Prio load reconnect time .

For a quick recovery with a rapid increase to high voltage levels, the load may also be reconnected when the battery voltage exceeds the Low Prio load fast reconnect load . threshold without any delay.

8.9.1.2 HP Load LVD

HP load LVD functionality is disabled by default, but can be enabled with the High Prio load LVD enable setting. When this functionality is enabled, separate LVD settings (also configurable) for the HP load will be used.

If HP load LVD is disabled, the HP load will be disconnected and reconnected with the same settings as for the LP load LVD.

If HP load functionality is enabled and the HP load gets disconnected before the LP load, e.g. in case of a rapid voltage decrease, this will also trigger an LP load disconnect. Typically, the HP LVD has a lower voltage disconnect level but a shorter disconnect time. This will prevent the LP load from continuing to discharge the batteries.

8.9.1.3 Overcurrent Load Disconnect

The LVD breakers are protected by an internal system function that disconnects the load if the LP or HP current exceeds 200 A. If this occurs, an Alarm is also triggered. The system will automatically try to reconnect the load 5 times with 20 second intervals.

If the system does not succeed to reconnect, there is a Reset Load switch button on the eSite Eeb pages. Pressing this button will reset the LVD breakers and reconnect the load. It is also possible to undock the main compartment to reset the LVD breakers.

8.9.2 Multi tenant monitoring

The eSite x10 supports monitoring of up to six (6) tenants separately. The total consumed load, including both HP and LP loads, is measured and logged. Auxiliary equipment on site is not included.

The sensors shall be connected via CAN, see detailed info in the Tenant Configurations.

8.10 Cabinet Cooling

eSite x10 has a feature able to control, i.e. turn on/off, an external cooling device connected to a digital output port. The device is controlled with a relay based on the readings from the temperature sensors.

This feature can be used to control the temperature in the battery cabinet to further extend the battery lifetime in areas where appropriate battery temperature is not guaranteed by the site environmental conditions.

The Ambient temperature sensor and the Battery temperature sensors are both required by the Cabinet Cooling feature. If any of the sensors becomes invalid while the feature is activated, the feature will be in "Fallback" mode and the output will be ON.

The Digital output relay shall be configured to one of the standard output relays on the I/O board. See the I/O Configuration page.

The feature can be set into two different modes: Delta Ambient mode, which is based on the temperature difference between the battery and ambient temperatures, and Battery Temperature mode, which uses absolute temperature levels to start/stop cooling.

All configurations can be done in local web pages, see Cabinet Cooling setup.

8.11 Fuel monitoring

The Fuel Monitoring functionality gives the customer detailed information about the fuel level, consumption and abnormal events. Volume level, consumed, filled and lost volume is tracked and logged. The fuel monitoring makes it easier to plan when to refill fuel.

The fuel monitoring sensor is connected to the analogue input 0 – 10 V and receives power from the 24 V output. Two fuel sensors can be connected at the same time in order to monitor two separate tanks.

Filled and lost volume is calculated when a volume change has been detected. A volume change is triggered when the volume changes rapidly. This is configured as a percentage of the total tank volume / time span. Default is 4 % / 30 min.

The thresholds for low and very low fuel level alarms are configurable. Sensor out of range alarm is triggered when the voltage output of the sensor is outside its configured range.

Connect fuel sensor 1 to Analogue in 2+ and Analogue in 2- Connect fuel sensor 2 to Analogue in 3+ and Analogue in 3-

8.12 Communication interfaces

8.12.1 Modbus Server

A Modbus server can be started via the local eSite Web configurations. eSite x10 support Modbus-RTU and Modbus-TCP. A complete register with all signals specified can be requested from eSite Power Systems.

8.12.2 SNMP

The eSite x10 provides support for SNMP communication. A complete MIB with all signals specified can be requested from eSite Power Systems.

8.12.3 CAN

The eSite x10 supports communication via the CAN protocol and can be used with e.g. Li-ion batteries or external LEM current sensors.

The eSite x10 software also supports joint operation with one (1) additional connected eSite x10 unit. Connecting an additional eSite x10 unit will increase the maximum rectifier power of the system to 21 kW. One unit will act as the Master unit and the other as the Expansion unit. All decisions and controls are processed in the Master unit. Communication between the Master and Expansion units is handled with the CAN protocol. The rectifiers in the Expansion unit are connected to the same phase and receive the same control signals as their counterpart in the Master unit, i.e. rectifiers 1 & 4, 2 & 5, and 3 & 6 are synchronized. Alarms and Errors are presented on the Master unit web pages and on eSite Tools. The customer loads can be connected to a common bus bar or separately to each unit.

At least one external battery sensor has to be mounted on a system with an Expansion unit connected. Configurations are made at the web pages.

Contact eSite Power Systems for more information of how to install and configure a site with an Expansion unit.

8.12.4 I/O screw terminals

The table shows the pin descriptions and the default configurations for the I/O screw terminals on the RSY and RSC models. The digital inputs can be configured to normally open or normally closed.

Model: RSY (Serial number: 7246XXX)

Model: RSC (Serial number: 7247XXX)

*connected from factory.

Copyright © 2021 eSite Power Systems AB

7.1 Maintenance eSite x10

Make sure that air flows unobstructed through the airways. Remove debris, dry leaves, spider web or any dirt that obstruct normal airflow (see figure 7.1).

Copyright © 2021 eSite Power Systems AB

6.1 Strategy

1. Check the alarm list for the most severe active alarm and follow the instructions for suggested actions.

2. Document your actions.

3. When the issue is resolved, the alarm automatically clears itself and disappears from the alarm list in eSite Web and eSite Tools.

4. If more alarms are active, start from step one with the next alarm.

5. If any alarm is still active and cannot be cleared, contact first line support.

6.2 Alarm management

The Alarm control monitors eSite x10 and its associated systems and trigger alarms. Alarms are indicated in eSite Web and eSite Tools. Some thresholds for alarms are configured via eSite Web and eSite Tools. Alarms are divided into the following types based on severity.

6.3 Connection Compartment LEDs

6.4 Lower Main LEDs

The LEDs on the Lower Main gives information about the system condition

6.5 Internal alarm list

This section outlines the defined alarms for eSite x10 and how they are activated/reset, along with a description of possible causes and recommended actions.

6.5.1 Ambient air temperature sensor faulty

6.5.2 Any rectifier failure

Description: Any rectifier reports critical error Severity: Fatal

6.5.3 Battery bank 1 and 2: Current sensor error

6.5.4 Battery bank 1 and 2: MCB Tripped

Description: Breaker to battery bank has tripped. Batteries are unable to provide power to eSite x10 and customer load. Only external power sources (genset, grid and solar) can sustain the site. System mode: Enters Safe mode. Genset runs continuously until issue solved. No backup time is available. Severity: Fatal

6.5.5 Battery charge current sensor error

Description: Battery charge current sensor inside the main compartment has failed. System mode enters Safe mode. Charge request continuous until issue solved. Severity: Fatal

6.5.6 Battery Door Open

Description: Battery door open on eSite x10 cabinet. Severity: Warning

6.5.7 Battery temp: High average

Description: The temperature sensor is placed inside the battery cabinet. The average battery temperature has been high for along duration and the battery bank takes permanent damage if not fixed. Severity: Error

6.5.8 Battery Temp: High

Description: The temperature sensor is placed inside the battery cabinet. Battery temperature is high and the battery bank takes permanent damage if not fixed. Severity: Warning

6.5.9 Battery Temp: Very High

Description: The temperature sensor is placed inside the battery cabinet. Battery temperature is very high and the battery bank takes permanent damage if not fixed. Severity: Fatal

6.5.10 Battery temp: poor cooling performance

Description: Temperature in battery cabinet is significantly larger than outside temp. Severity: Warning

6.5.11 Battery temp sensor faulty

6.5.12 Battery voltage: limp home

Description: All Voltage sensors has failed. Limp home value of 40V is used. Severity: Fatal

6.5.13 Battery voltage: High

Description: Battery voltage is high and the batteries will take permanent damage if issue is not resolved Severity: Warning

6.5.14 Battery voltage: Low

Description: Battery voltage is low and the customer load disconnects if not resolved. eSite x10 is not able to receive sufficient power from the input power sources. Severity: Fatal

6.5.15 Battery voltage sensor faulty

6.5.16 Connection Compartment Lid Open

6.5.17 CPU Temperature Derating

Description: The main CPU frequency is throttled due to high temperature, the maximum rectifier output power has been reduced. Severity: Warning

6.5.18 Database initialization error

Description: eSite Web does not show the correct values, or no values at all, and can show database related errors. Signal data may not be logged on site. Site configuration can be incorrect with default values used instead. Severity: Error

6.5.19 Expansion Load total: Max power

Description: Total load is higher than the rated value on the expansion unit, see data sheet. Severity: Warning

6.5.20 Expansion High priority bypass MCB: Engaged

Description: The Main Compartment is bypassed and HP load receives power directly from the battery bank. The function is used when replacing the Main Compartment. Batteries can take permanent damage as the batteries cannot be disconnected from the load with the LVD contactors. Severity: Fatal

6.5.21 Expansion Low priority bypass MCB: Engaged

Description: The expansion unit Main Compartment is bypassed and LP load receives power directly from the battery bank. The function is used when replacing the Main Compartment. Batteries can take permanent damage as the batteries cannot be disconnected from the load with the LVD contactors. Severity: Fatal

6.5.22 Expansion battery charge current sensor error

Description: Battery charge current sensor inside the expansion unit main compartment has failed. System mode enters Safe mode. Charge request continuous until issue solved. Severity: Fatal

6.5.23 Expansion IO communication failure

Description: Communication to expansion unit I/O controller has failed, eSite x10 is not able to read I/O signals. Severity: Fatal

6.5.24 External solar current sensor faulty

Description: The sensor used to measure the external solar is faulty Severity: Warning

6.5.25 Fuel monitor 1-2: Fuel filled

Description: Genset tank has been filled. Severity: Information

6.5.26 Fuel monitor 1-2: Fuel lost

Description: The fuel sensor is detecting a sudden fuel loss. Severity: Warning

6.5.27 Fuel monitor 1-2: Low level

Description: Fuel is below the setup low volume threshold Severity: Information

6.5.28 Fuel monitor 1-2: Sensor out of range

6.5.29 Fuel monitor 1-2: Very Low level

Description: Fuel Sensor measurements are below the very low volume threshold. Severity: Warning

6.5.30 Genset 1-2 communication error

Description: Modbus Communication to genset panel has failed and eSite x10 is unable to read data from the genset. Severity: Warning

6.5.31 Genset 1-3 external alarm 1-3: Tripped

Description: Genset external alarm has tripped Severity: Warning

6.5.32 Genset 1-2 Failed to Start

Description: Genset does not start on command. Severity: Fatal

6.5.33 Genset 1-2 Failed to Stop

Description: Genset does not stop on command. Severity: Error

6.5.34 Genset 1 or 2 is running

Description: A genset is running. Severity: Information

6.5.35 Genset 1-2 maintenance timer: Expired

Description: Time limit for genset maintenance has expired. Scheduled Hours to maintenance. Severity: Warning

6.5.36 Grid not available

Description: Input Power from grid is not available. Voltage is out of range 85 – 300 V. Frequency is out of range 45 – 65 Hz. Severity: Warning

6.5.37 High Priority Bypass MCB: Engaged

Description: The Main Compartment is bypassed and HP load receives power directly from the battery bank. The function is used when replacing the Main Compartment. Batteries can take permanent damage as the batteries cannot be disconnected from the load with the LVD contactors. Severity: Fatal

6.5.38 High priority load: Disconnected

Description: High priority customer load is disconnected due to low voltage. Severity: Fatal

6.5.39 High priority load: High power

Description: Total high priority load is higher than the rated value, see data sheet. Severity: Error

6.5.40 I/O communication failure

Description: Communication to I/O controller has failed, eSite x10 is not able to read I/O signals. Severity: Fatal

6.5.41 Load tenant 1-3: Max power

Description: Max total power load threshold is reached. Severity: Warning

6.5.42 Load total: Max power

Description: Max total power load threshold is reached. Severity: Warning

6.5.43 Low IO voltage expansion LP and HP

Description: System voltage is below 42 V and the HP load has been disconnected using the LVD contactor. Severity:

6.5.44 Low I/O Voltage HP and LP

Description: System voltage is below 42 V and the HP load has been disconnected using the LVD contactor. Severity:

6.5.45 Low Priority Bypass MCB: Engaged

Description: The Main Compartment is bypassed and LP load receives power directly from the battery bank. The function is used when replacing the Main Compartment. Batteries can take permanent damage as the batteries cannot be disconnected from the load with the LVD contactors. Severity: Fatal

6.5.46 Low priority load: Disconnected

Description: Low priority customer load has been disconnected due to low battery voltage. Severity: Fatal

6.5.47 Over Current expansion: High priority

Description: The expansion HP load current has exceeded 180 A. The expansion HP load is disconnected using the LVD contactor. Severity: Fatal

6.5.48 Over Current expansion: Low priority

Description: The expansion LP load current has exceeded 180 A. The expansion LP load is disconnected using the LVD contactor. Severity: Fatal

6.5.49 Over Current: High priority

Description: The HP load current has exceeded 180 A. The HP load is disconnected using the LVD contactor. Severity: Fatal

6.5.50 Over Current: Low priority

Description: The LP load current has exceeded 180 A. The LP load is disconnected using the LVD contactor. Severity: Fatal

6.5.51 Rectifier 1-6: Communication failed

Description: Communication to rectifier controller has failed. The rectifier may not deliver power. Severity: Error

6.5.52 Rectifier 1-6: High Temp power reduced

Description: Due to high internal temperature, the maximum rectifier output power has been reduced. Severity: Warning

6.5.53 Rectifier 1-6: Internal critical error

Description: Rectifier does not supply power. Severity: Fatal

6.5.54 Solar 1-6: Array voltage High

Description: Solar converter measures the input voltage above the threshold in the data sheet. The array has too high voltage. No solar power is produced. Severity: Fatal

6.5.55 Solar 1-6: Array voltage negative

Description: Reversed polarity. Solar panel minus terminal may be connected to ground. Severity: Fatal

6.5.56 Solar 1-6:Communication failed

Description: Communication to solar converter has failed. eSite x10 is not able to read solar signals. Severity: Fatal

6.5.57 Solar converter 1-6: Internal critical error

Description: Solar converter does not supply power. Severity: Fatal

6.5.58 Solar volt offset calibration error

Description: Any of the solar converters measures its voltage ±1V compared to system voltage. severity: Error

6.5.59 Surge Protection 100 kA: Tripped

Description: External Surge protection for genset/grid 100 kA has tripped. Severity: Error

6.5.60 System voltage sensor faulty

Description: Sensor measuring the internal voltage in Main Compartment has failed. Voltage measurement from the rectifier or solar converters is used instead. Severity: Warning

6.5.61 Tenant 1-3 Current Sensor Faulty

Description: The sensor measuring the tenant current is invalid. Severity: Warning

6.5.62 Voltage sensors not matching

Description: The values of the battery voltage sensor and the system voltage sensor measurements are not matching. The voltage difference has exceeded a predefined threshold. Severity: Error

6.6 External alarm list

External alarms are communicated from external sources like Genset or Lithium-ion batteries and can be forwarded to the user by eSite x10. To receive this type of alarms, a communication are required to the source.

6.6.1 Genset

The following alarms can be configured for Genset 1 and 2, in the local eSite Web configuration page:

• HighBatteryVoltage

• LowBatteryVoltage

• ChargerAcFailure

• FailToStart

• FailToStop

• LowCoolantTemperature

• HighCoolantTemperature

• LowOilPressure

• OverSpeed

• LowFuelLevel

• HighAcVoltage

• LowAcVoltage

• UnderFrequency

• Overload

• Overcurrent

• ShortCircuit

• ReverseKW

• ReverseKVAR

• FailToClose

• EmergencyStop

• OilPressureSwitch

• CoolantTemperatureSwitch

• FuelLevelSwitch

• WarningAlarmActive

• ElectricalAlarmActive

• ShutdownAlarmActive

• ControlUnitFailure

• ControlUnitNotConfigured

• Alarm1

• Alarm2

• Alarm3

6.6.2 Lithium-ion batteries

The alarms communicated from Li-ion batteries differ between the various manufacturers. Each supported battery has its own list of alarms which is configured in the eSite x10 when the specific battery is selected in the local web configuration page.

A.1 Installation and configuration of lithium-ion battery with Modbus communication

The eSite x10 can be configured to read data from a battery monitoring system (BMS) used on a lithium-ion battery bank. The data is used to control the charge and discharge of the battery.

All communication to the battery bank is made via the RS485 connector, connected to the C7-1 (Data A) and C7-2 (Data B) ports on the eSite x10 Lower Main I/O screw terminals and the corresponding connectors on the battery. The protocol is Modbus-RTU and all data signals and alarms are pre-defined from a Modbus register provided by the battery manufacturer.

The following steps describe the configuration of one of the supported lithium-ion batteries. Note that the settings differ between different battery manufacturers.

A.1.1 Battery installation

1. Follow the manufacturer's installation guide to install the batteries and connect them to the eSite x10 48V bus bars.

2. Connect the battery RS485 (Data A) output wire to the eSite x10 RS485 connector, C7-1 (Data A).

3. Connect the battery RS485 (Data B) output wire to the eSite x10 RS485 connector, C7-1 (Data B).

4. It is important to assign a unique Slave-ID to each Li-ion Battery Monitoring Unit (BMU). Note that Slave-ID '1' must be assigned to the BMU with RS485 communication cable connected (the 'main' BMU) and continue in ascending order with the following BMU(s). How to set the Slave-IDs is specified in the manufacturer's manual.

A.1.2 eSite x10 Modbus Configuration

To complete the eSite x10 configuration for Li-ion battery communication, follow these steps:

1. Connect to the eSite x10 Wi-Fi named 'eSite + serial' number.

2. Login to the site with the user: Admin. The password is provided by eSite Power Systems.

3. Open the Configuration page and select the Battery tab.

4. Select a battery template for the installed Li-ion battery and press the 'Press to select battery template' button.

5. Open the Configuration page and select the Modbus Communication tab.

6. Enable the communication to Li-ion BMS by selecting the 'ON' setting.

7. Set the number of installed Li-ion modules, max number of modules is 16. The eSite x10 requires that the first module (BMU) is assigned slave-ID '1'.

8. Check the Modbus communication protocol, should match the selected battery type.

9. Set the RS485 Baudrate according to the manufacturer's manual.

10. After making any changes, restart the Modbus communication by pressing 'Restart'.

11. To check the communication, open the Battery page and check the BMU status under the Battery menu tab.

A.2 Installation and configuration of AMF panel

Many manufacturers of Genset AMF panels can communicate via a serial line (daisy-chain). eSite x10 supports communication over Modbus-RTU protocol half-duplex RS-485. Over this communication, it is possible to read data, alarms and set commands. Two (2) Genset panels can be configured at one site.

Figure A.2 shows an example of the local web configuration of a DSE-7320 AMF panel. Baudrate is 9600 and Slave-ID on the AMF panel is set to 16.

A.3 System update

The eSite x10 includes 8 different controllers which all can be updated with new firmware if needed. All updates are triggered by a manual execution via the local web page or remotely via eSite Tools, performed by eSite Power Systems.

A.3.1 Update Main controller

The main controller is based on the Linux operation system. Before you update the system, always make a backup of the configuration files, see section Backup Data.

1. Make sure you have a firmware file name flex-update-field.img located on a USB stick or your PC.

2. Connect to the eSite x10 Wi-Fi named 'eSite + serial' number.

3. Login to the local eSite x10 web page as Admin. The password is provided by eSite Power Systems.

4. Press the Configuration menu and then the System tab (see figure A.3).

5. Press the "Update eSite x10 Controllers" link.

6. In the update page, press the "Select file" link, find the update file on your PC and then "Upload file". Follow the instructions from the page.

7. The update can take up to 5 minutes to process.

After the update, log in again and verify that the new version is presented in the About page.

A.3.2 Update ACDC/Solar/IO controllers

Updates of the micro controllers are performed in the same way as for the Main controller. Before updating the micro controllers, make sure you have received a valid update package from eSite Power Systems.

1. The package name can be anything but must have an extension of .slv

2. Follow steps 2-6 above.

3. Return to system page.

A.3.3 Backup Data

Downloading a backup of configuration data is useful when sharing data between sites. You can share Battery configurations and Modbus setups. It is also possible to backup log data.

1. Connect to the eSite x10 Wi-Fi named 'eSite + serial' number.

2. Login to the local eSite x10 web page as Admin. The password is provided by eSite Power Systems.

3. Press the Configuration menu and then the System tab.

4. Press the "Backup Data" link (see figure A.4).

5. In the backup page, select the desired data in the drop-down menu, write a file name (must end with .flx) and press the download button.

A.3.4 Upload Configuration Data

It is possible to upload a downloaded configuration or upload a configuration delivered from eSite Power Systems.

1. Connect to the eSite x10 Wi-Fi named 'eSite + serial' number.

2. Login to the local eSite x10 web page as Admin. The password is provided by eSite Power Systems.

3. Press the Configuration menu and then the System tab.

4. Press the "Upload Configuration Data" link.

5. In the restore page, select a file by pressing the link, the file must end with .flx, then press "Upload file".

6. Follow the instructions from the page.

7. Return to system page.

A.4 License file

eSite x10 requires a license file to be installed to get all desired options enabled. Without any license file installed, the system will operate in with a very limited functionality. Before site commissioning, make sure you have received a valid license file which matches the serial number of the eSite x10 and that includes the options you have purchased.

A license file can match several serial numbers with different options. Make sure you have the correct one before starting the site commissioning.

If firmware updates are necessary as part of the site commissioning, please install the updates before installing the license file.

A.4.1 Delivery mode

All eSite x10 systems are delivered without a license file installed. When the eSite x10 is powered up for the first time, it will operate in 'Delivery mode' where the following default options are set:

• Input Source A is set to Grid

• Input Source B is disabled

• Built-in Solar converters are disabled

• Tenant monitoring is disabled

A.4.2 Installation of License file

A.4.2.1 First time installation

Login to the local eSite x10 web page as Admin and press 'next' on the Welcome screen to start the site commissioning guide (see figure A.5).

If any controller firmware needs to be updated, press the 'Update Controller Software here!' link and install the updates.

Press the 'Install license file here!' link to enter the license update page.

On the license update page (see figure A.6), press the "Select file" link and choose the license file from your PC and then press "Upload file". Press return to System pages when finished.

A log file is presented the result of the update. After the update, press 'Return to the system pages'.

A.4.2.2 Update License file

If you need to update the License file due to changes in the options, please go to the configuration pages under the System tab on the eSite Web.

Press the "Update eSite x10 License" link and follow the procedure above.

10.1 Strategy

1. Check the troubleshooting table and follow the instructions for suggested actions.

2. Document your actions.

3. If any issue still occurs, contact first line support.

10.2 Troubleshooting list

10.2.1 Start-up

10.2.2 Connectivity

10.2.3 Solar

10.2.4 Other

9.1 Ambient air temperature sensor

9.2 Battery temperature sensor

The battery temperature sensor consists of a thermistor on a cable, standard length 5 m. Place the sensor in the battery cabinet in the centre of the battery bank.

9.3 Battery voltage sensor

The battery voltage sensor probes connect directly to the battery terminals. They are polarity sensitive, but are protected for reversed polarity. On the negative probe there is a tubular fuse (slow acting, 1 A, 48 V). The probe is connected to the blue internal cables in the Connection Compartment.

9.4 CAN communication and current sensors

For external current measurements, eSite x10 uses complementary LEM current sensors (see figure 9.1). LEM current sensors utilize the CAN protocol for communication with the eSite x10. The CAN cable kit provided by eSite Power Systems is specifically prepared for use with LEM sensors. The white contacts can be used to connect several current sensors. The connection order does not matter.

The current sensors may be used for battery banks, external solar converters and tenants.

The following CAN IDs are presently configurable:

• 001 (3C1)

• 002 (3C2)

• 003 (3C3)

• 004 (3C4)

• 005 (3C5)

• 006 (3C6)

• 007 (3C7)

• 008 (3C8)

• 009 (3C9)

• 000 (3C0)

9.5 Fuel sensors

Fuel sensor 1

Fuel sensor 2

9.6 Connection compartment LEDs

9.7 Genset start battery charger

The genset start battery charger is a DC to DC converter with a fuse of 7.5 A, 48 V. It is powered from LP. Output voltage shall be 13.5 V.

9.8 Door switch

9.9 Connection point 24 V, GND and 12 V

All 24 V, GND and 12 V connection points on the I/O terminals, according to I/O list, can be used, but its preferred to use the terminal when available.

9.10 Replacement of Main compartment

9.10.1 When to replace the Main Compartment

Replace the Main Compartment only if suggested by an alarm or by a suggested action in the troubleshooting chapter. All prior corrective actions must be tried and failed.

Fill in a replacement report for each unit before it is replaced. Send the report to eSite Power Systems. A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number is provided from eSite Power Systems. The RMA number must be clearly labelled on the returning box to eSite Power Systems for the warranty to be processed.

9.10.2 Overview of the Main Compartment

A Main Compartment guides B Lower Main C Mounting frame

9.10.3 Tools list for replacement

For replacement of eSite x10 Main Compartment and for troubleshooting during the replacement use the tools listed below.

A Torx T10 and T20 B Ring spanner 8 mm and 17 mm C Screwdriver 2.4 mm and 5 mm (common blade) D Screwdriver PZ2 (Pozidriv) E Gloves F Wire cutter G Network cable H Laptop I Goggles J Pen K Camera / smartphone L Socket wrench 13 mm and 16 mm M Multimeter N Ampere clamp

9.10.4 How to lift the Main Compartment

Before you lift the Main Compartment you must:

• know the weight of the Main Compartment (70 kg).

• make sure the area is clear of obstruction.

• make sure there are no wet or slippery surfaces in the area.

When you lift the Main Compartment, do as follows:

1. Stand as close to the box as possible.

2. Make sure you are steady on your feet and keep a good balance.

3. Keep your back straight and use your legs and hips to lower yourself down to the box.

4. Get a firm hold of the Main Compartment with your hands.

5. Lift slowly by extending your legs with your back straight.

9.10.5 Disconnect and pack the Main Compartment

9.10.6 Dock the Main Compartment

Make sure that the Main Compartment is tight together with the Connection Compartment to prevent problems because of distance between the compartments. The dark grey area on the Main Compartment must completely cover the dark grey area of the Connection Compartment.

9.10.7 Connect the Lower Main

A I/O screw terminals B LED 1–3 C Ethernet socket D Antenna socket 1 – GSM antenna E Antenna socket 2 – Wi-Fi antenna (RSY model) F 1 x USB port (2 x USB for RSY model) used for software updates (not to be used for mobile phone charging) G SIM card holder

9.10.8 Install the SIM card

9.10.9 Connect the I/O terminals

The sensors and antennas are connected to the Lower Main. When the Main Compartment is docked, the Lower Main is accessed through the Connection Compartment.

The I/O screw terminals are categorized as TNV-2 circuit according to IEC 60950-1.